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IgG glycosylation signatures predict future Crohn’s disease onset
Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that significantly affects quality of life. It is characterised by inflammation through the gut and the exact aetiology of the disease remains largely unknown. Research by Gaifem et al published in Nature Immunology investigated preclinical signs of Crohn’s disease in an effort to predict disease onset and perhaps prevent it.
By analysing serum samples up to 6 years prior to Crohn’s disease diagnosis, it was discovered that some circulating antibodies had a specific glycosylation signature in those eventually diagnosed with disease. This feature also correlated with increased levels of anti-microbial antibodies. Using a mouse model, it was determined that these antibodies reprogram innate immune cells to become more pro-inflammatory and increase susceptibility to colitis.
Altogether, this research indicates potential for a biomarker used to identify those with increased risk to progress to Crohn’s disease. Future research may determine ways to target these specific antibodies to prevent disease onset.
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-024-01916-8